Forensic Applications in Nature Conservation and Biodiversity Preservation

On May 5, the Department of Genetics at ELTE hosted RNDr. Daniel Vaněk, a forensic geneticist and wildlife forensic expert from Charles University in Prague, who delivered a highly engaging lecture titled “Forensic Applications in Wildlife Protection and Conservation Biology” to the faculty members and students.

Dr. Vaněk is an internationally recognized expert in forensic genetics, the analysis of degraded DNA samples, and the genetic identification of protected and endangered animal species. During his professional career, he participated in the establishment of the Czech police DNA laboratory and later assisted the International Commission on Missing Persons fundation in the genetic identification of the remains of war victims.

In his presentation, Dr. Vanek demonstrated how methods based on molecular biology and microscopic techniques can be applied to the protection of wild animals and the fight against illegal hunting and wildlife trafficking, as well as how these methods impact conservation and criminal operations. Special emphasis was placed on DNA barcoding technology, species and individual identification by molecular genetic methods, and the importance of genetic databases related to endangered species.

Through real case studies, the presentation demonstrated that forensic genetics now plays a significant role not only in human identification but also in the investigation of wildlife crimes, cases of which receive widespread publicity in modern nations. Topics covered included the genetic identification of various furs and pelts, DNA-based identification of strictly protected big cats and the DNA databases established for this purpose, as well as forensic methods that aid in the protection of species covered by the CITES Convention. The event provided students and researchers with up-to-date and valuable insights into the practical challenges of wildlife forensics, and highlighted how molecular biology, conservation, and legal evidence can be interconnected.